Fascination About KGW Crystal
Fascination About KGW Crystal
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Earlier operate confirmed that the dual-crystal configuration can be used to compensate for that thermal lensing result[
The thermal conductivity of frequent double tungstates is of the order to three–four W/(K m) �?which is not lousy when compared with other laser crystals (Whilst quite a few moments under for YAG), and fairly substantial compared Along with the thermal conductivity of typical glasses.
For a few applications, tungstates offer a mix of different useful Houses. Specifically for passive manner locking, ytterbium-doped double tungstates will often be exceptional to other media when it comes to The mix of substantial acquire bandwidth, significant cross-sections, and relatively fantastic thermal Homes �?Though in Every individual self-discipline greater resources could possibly be discovered.
In conclusion, we demonstrated that undoped scintillator crystals: BGO, GGG, YSO, LSO and LYSO are successful nonlinear products for broadband SC technology in the close to-infrared and brief-wave infrared spectral ranges, when pumped by one hundred eighty fs basic harmonic pulses from an amplified Yb:KGW laser. YSO, LSO and LYSO produced two octave-spanning SC spectra, which Evaluate to SC spectra created in YAG. These materials show pretty equivalent performances to YAG also with regards to threshold and best pump pulse energies for SC generation. Nevertheless, for what fears the likelihood to operate at significant laser pulse repetition charge, YSO, LSO and LYSO clearly show long lasting operation only at 10 kHz and rapidly degrade (in a few minutes) at twenty kHz. Aside from the fairly lower SC technology threshold (169 nJ), GGG shown outstanding efficiency characteristics inside the small-wave infrared Using the best pump pulse Electricity of 464 nJ, which happens to be two situations lessen than in YAG: the most important red-shifted spectral broadening and the highest spectral Power density, outperforming KGW and YAG crystals in that aspect.
Its pump laser desires a brief pulse length, a very low time jitter, and easy temporal and spatial distributions because of the intrinsic instantaneous process. Consequently, the OPCPA program is more complex and expensive.
The measured Lower-off wavelengths within the brief-wavelength aspect are in step with the final craze of blue-shifted spectral broadening to the bandgap of nonlinear product. Each of the nonlinear components made reasonable purple-shifted spectral broadenings below ailments of ideal pump pulse energies, with the largest purple-shift exceeding 2000 nm measured in GGG crystal. Our results unveiled that GGG and BGO (which also had the bottom supercontinuum era threshold) give strong, optical injury-no cost functionality in a laser repetition amount of 200 kHz, suggesting that these resources are good options to YAG and KGW for minimal threshold, substantial average power supercontinuum generation in the close to- and quick-wave infrared spectral ranges. We also demonstrated that scintillating properties of bulk components could be readily analyzed while in the filamentation routine, by way of multiphoton excitation employing close to-infrared femtosecond laser pulses.
The other was positioned with its Np -axis parallel With all the s-polarized direction. A comparison was manufactured in between a configuration Along with the crystals placed in the same orientation (
Finally, we investigated the long-phrase performances of SC technology in crystal samples underneath ideal pumping problems at increased laser repetition costs. In doing so, the crystal samples were not translated and stored within a stationary place with respect on the pump beam in the complete measurement. The illustrations illustrating robust prolonged-term performances of SC generation in KGW and YAG crystals at superior laser repetition prices could possibly be observed in other places. More especially, steady performance of KGW crystal at two MHz pulse repetition amount beneath really comparable pump beam concentrating geometry was described recently30, Whilst YAG crystal shown steady functionality for numerous hours at 200 kHz pulse repetition charge Despite having quite tight concentrating on the pump beam (NA=0.085)32. The lengthy-time period efficiency checks in LSO, LYSO and YSO uncovered gradual narrowing of your SC spectra within the long-wavelength side that transpired soon after a certain publicity time and will be attributed for the optical degradation of those resources. As an example, in LSO, the onset of spectral narrowing was noticed after (sim twenty) minutes in a laser repetition rate of ten kHz, while at a laser repetition level of 20 kHz, steady SC technology efficiency was noticed just for about 2 min.
]. This method was dependant on The reality that the spectral emission cross-section curves vary from one another when laser polarization is paralleled to the various optical axis of Yb-doped double tungstates[
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Since its discovery in 19701,two, the condition in the art of supercontinuum (SC) technology in bulk reliable-state products has attained a significant standard of maturity because of great development of ultrafast laser resources and essential understanding of the fundamental Actual physical processes3,four. The complexity of Actual physical results fundamental SC generation is unveiled from the framework of femtosecond filamentation, that's a universal phenomenon arising from nonlinear propagation of femtosecond laser pulses in clear materials5. In more simple phrases, the attainable spectral extent of SC radiation is determined by the fabric Houses, which include linear and nonlinear indexes of refraction and Electrical power bandgap, which together with the laser wavelength determine the important electric power for self-focusing (that has to generally be exceeded for a light-weight filament to variety) and clamping depth of a light filament (which is proportional into the order of multiphoton absorption), respectively.
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KGW crystals are utilised as Raman scattering components given that they have potent Raman scattering in a quantity of different wavelengths. Any time a laser beam is directed on to the crystal, the photons in the laser beam connect with here the crystal lattice, causing a few of the photons to scatter in a special way.